廣州白云山風景區近自然邊坡植物群落景觀特征分析

來源:用戶上傳      作者:梁冠威 謝偉文 譚廣文 謝騰芳 李子華 關開朗

　　摘要 近自然邊坡植物景觀作為一種特殊的景觀類型，由于它特殊的立地條件，給管理帶來一定的困難，探討其景觀特征對營造節約型園林邊坡植物景觀具有重要的參考意義。對白云山風景區一種山體園林常見的近自然邊坡植物景觀特征進行調研，結果記錄植被共43種，隸屬于27科40屬。邊坡植物群落以腎蕨（Nephrolepis cordifolia）、烏毛蕨（Blechnum orientale）、芒萁（Dicranopterispedata）等植物為優勢種。邊坡角度大，土質貧瘠，o高大喬灌木生長，草本層景觀由草本植物主導，依次伴生類群為灌木幼苗、藤本、喬木幼苗。土壤性質與光照強度對植被的分布有顯著性影響，植物物種豐富度最大的為巖土―開陽生境，最小為壤土―蔭蔽生境;多樣性指數最大為巖土―開陽生境，最小為巖石―蔭蔽生境;均勻度指數最大為巖土―開陽和壤土―蔭蔽生境，最小為巖石―蔭蔽生境。基于研究結果，提出滴灌系統的水肥管養、恢復苔蘚植物景觀等近自然邊坡景觀的管養要點。
　　關鍵詞 白云山風景區;近自然邊坡;地被植物;景觀特征;蕨類植物
　　中圖分類號 S574;Q949.9 文獻標識碼 A DOI：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2022.03.020
　　Analysis of Close-to-nature Plant Community Landscape Characteristics on the Roadside Slope at Baiyun Mountain Scenic Spot in Guangzhou
　　LIANG Guanwei1 XIE Weiwen2，3 TAN Guangwen2 XIE Tengfang2 LI Zihua2 GUAN Kailang2
　?。?. Guangzhou Zhongsen Landscape Architecture and Greening Co.， Ltd.， Guangzhou， Guangdong 510060， China;2. GuangzhouPubang Landscape Architecture Co.， Ltd.， Guangzhou， Guangdong 510600， China;3. Zhongkai Universityof Agriculture and Engineering， Guangzhou， Guangdong 510225， China）
　　Abstract As a special landscape type， close-to-nature plant landscape on roadside slopes brings some difficulties to man- agement due to its special site conditions. Exploring its landscape characteristics has important reference for building a cost-saving plant landscape on the roadside slopes. A field survey was made of the characteristics of a close-to-nature plant landscape on a roadside slope at the Baiyun Mountain scenic spot， a common mountainous landscape. The survey showed that there are 43 species of plants in the vegetation， belonging to 27 families and 40 genera on the roadside slope. The dominant plant species in the plant community on the roadside slope are composed of Nephritis cordifolia， Blechnum orientale and Di- cranopterispedata. The slope angle is large， the soil is poor， and there are no tall trees and shrubs. The grass landscape is dominated by grasses， and their associated plant groups are in the order of shrub seedlings > vines > tree seedlings. The soil properties and light intensity have significant impact on the distribution of vegetation. The plant species richness is the highest in the rock and soil habitat with a low canopy density and the lowest in the loam shaded habitat. The diversity index is the highest in the rock habitat with a low canopy density， and the lowest in a rock shaded habitat. The species evenness index is the highest in the rock and soil habitat with a low canopy density and the loam shaded habitat， and the lowest in the rock shaded habitat. In this context some key points for maintenance of the close-to-nature landscape on the roadside slope are put forward， including water and fertilizer management in the drip irrigation system and restoration of bryophyte landscape. Keywords Baiyun Mountain scenic spot; close-to-nature roadside slope; ground cover plants community; landscape charac- teristics;fern

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