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中國傳統家文化:地位、內涵與時代價值

來源:用戶上傳      作者:陳延斌,陳姝瑾

  [摘要] 家文化是中國傳統文化的基石,對中國社會影響深遠。中華民族家文化由家訓(家教)文化、家禮文化、家德文化、家風文化、家史文化、家法文化、家學文化和譜牒文化等構成,內蘊極為豐富。傳統家文化的各個構成部分雖然維度和分類不同,但在內容上相互滲透,在形式上交叉互鑒,在功能上彼此為用、相輔相成,共同支撐起中華民族家文化的大B。傳統家文化不因時代變遷而失去其積極價值,可以為建設新時代中國特色家文化、涵育家庭美德和處世道德、推進家庭禮儀文明提供豐富滋養。吸取傳統家訓文化的教子智慧,借鑒傳統家文化教育載體也可以用來助力今天的家教和家庭家風建設。
  [關鍵詞] 中華家文化;傳統文化;家訓;家風;新時代家文化
  [中圖分類號] G122[文獻標識碼] A[文章編號] 1008―1763(2022)03―0034―06
  Traditional Family Culture:Status,Connotation and Time ValueCHEN Yanbin1,CHEN Shujin2
  (1.Institute of Chinese Culture, Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou221116,China;
  2. College of Science and Literature,Jiangsu Normal University ,Xuzhou221116,China)
  Abstract:Family culture is the cornerstone of traditional Chinese culture and has a profound impact on Chinese society. The family culture of the Chinese nation consists of family education (family instruction) culture, family etiquette culture, family ethics culture, family tradition culture, family history culture, family discipline culture and family learning culture. Although the components of traditional family culture are different in dimension and classification, they permeate each other in content, cross and learn from each other in form, and serve each other and complement each other in function, which jointly supports the construction of Chinese national family culture. The traditional family culture will not lose its positive value due to the changes of the times. It can provide rich nourishment for the construction of family tradition culture with Chinese characteristics in the new era, the cultivation of family virtues and morality, the construction of new family etiquette culture, and the promotion of family etiquette civilization. Absorbing the wisdom of traditional family instruction culture and learning from the carrier of traditional family culture can also benefit construction of today’s family education and family tradition.
  Key words: Chinese family culture; traditional culture; family precepts; family tradition; family culture in the new era
  “文化是民族的血脈,是人民的精神家園”[1],文化在中國特色社會主義建設和中華民族偉大復興中起著重要的作用。中共中央辦公廳、國務院辦公廳印發的《關于實施中華優秀傳統文化傳承發展工程的意見》指出,實施中華優秀傳統文化傳承發展工程,傳承中華文脈,要“挖掘和整理家訓、家書文化,用優良的家風家教培育青少年”[2]。家訓、家禮、家風等家文化,是我國傳統文化,尤其是道德文化中極為重要的組成部分,是中國傳統社會治家、齊家、教家的重要制度文化,也是新時代優良家德、家風培育和公民道德建設的豐富滋養。
  一家文化在中華傳統文化中的地位
 ?。ㄒ唬┘椅幕侵袊鴤鹘y文化的基石
  家文化是體現我們民族特質和精神風貌的民族文化,是中華民族在數千年繁衍生息過程中形成和發展的家庭文化樣態。中國傳統家文化隨著生產力的進步而發展,隨著家庭的產生發展而演進。因而,父祖長輩對于子孫的教育除了遵循一般的社會要求之外,還深深地打上了家庭、家族的獨特烙印,并在世代延續、演進的過程中,不斷沉淀累積下來,形成各具特色的家文化。[3]219

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