基于網絡的大學英語口語教學
來源:用戶上傳
作者: 周 婷
摘要: 語言是交流的手段,因此,大學英語教學的目的是提高學生的語言運用和語言交際能力,要提高口語重視力度?;谟嬎銠C網絡口語教學,本文就大學英語改革中,英語口語教學方面應注意的問題作出簡要敘述。
關鍵詞: 計算機網絡 大學英語 口語教學
21世紀需要新型復合型人才,傳統的“灌輸式”用于讀寫教學的“啞巴”英語已不能適應時代發展的要求,突出實用性、實踐性,加強大學英語口語教學,注重英語口語的雙邊性和交際性,在大學英語教學中日顯重要。傳統的英語口語教學模式效果不佳,一個重要的原因是缺少生動活潑的學習情境,老師主導著整個課堂。因此,教師需要創造性地運用教材,使用多媒體網絡口語教學,尤其要使課堂教學活動形式多樣、豐富多彩,發揮學生主體性作用。我采用了以下的教學方法:采用輕松多樣的方式,創造情景對話的模式組織教學;以“以學生為中心”取代傳統的“以老師為中心”教學模式;利用課堂上有限的時間通過多媒體向學生展示豐富的文化背景,增強學生對英語的興趣。
在組織教學方面,以計算機輔助口語教學,多媒體備課,以《大學英語基礎口語教程》學生用書2的第五單元為例,我設計了如下教案:
Unit 5A Nive to five
Nive to five:from 9∶00AM to 5∶00PM;the hours that most people work
1.讀前活動――工作介紹
活動一:Ask students to introduce as many job titles in English as they can in one minute.
活動二:Look at these photos.What would you enjoy about each job?(He is a doctor.Some of the things I’d enjoy about his job are...)
Job information.
工作角色介紹:accountant,actor,airline representative,anchor,announcer,architect,artist,associate professor,astronaut,attendant,auditor,auto mechanic,baker,barber,baseball player,binman,blacksmith,boxer,broker(agent),budgeteer,bus driver,butcher, carpenter, cartoonist, cashier, chef, chemist, clerk,clown,cobbler,computer programmer,construction worker,cook,customs officer, dancer, dentist, designer, desk clerk,detective,doctor, door-to-door salesman, editor, electrician, engineer,farmer,fashion designer,fireman(firefighter),fisherman,florist,Foreign minister,gardener,gas station attendant,geologist,guard,guide,hiredresseer, housekeeper, housewife, interpreter, journalist,judge, lawyer, librarian, life guard, magician, masseur, mathematician,mechanic,miner,model,movie director movie star,musician,nurse,office clerk,office staff,operator,pharmacist,photographer,pilot,planner,policeman,postal clerk,President,real estate agent,receptionist,reporter,sailor,salesman/selespeople/salesperson,scientist,secretary,singer,soldiery,statistician,surveyor,tailor,teacher,technician,tour guide,translator,TV producer,vet,waiter,writer.Salary and benefits:health insurance,hourly wages,overtime pay,pay,retirement plan.Job tpyes:freelance position,full-time job,part-time job,temporary job.
2.討論問題
what’s your ideal job?Give your reasons?What’s your part-time job?/Recall your first job experience?if you were rich,would you still want a job?Why or why not?
小組作業:對話(Before the class,students have to collect information about job interview.)
主題:Interview for a job.Roles:An applicant,the personnel managers and assistant.
情景:the personnel manager interviews the applicant about his application for a position in ABC company.
提示:(1)What do you think of yourself?(In general,I’m quite hard working,responsible,capable and outgoing./Basically,I’m very easygoing,but I get very serious when I work.)(2)Do you take part in any activities during your college years?Why are you applying for this job?(It’s very challenging./It’s a great chance for me to learn./I think this job can give me the best chance to practice what I have learned in the university.)(3)Do you have any experience in this type of work?What do you know about our company?Is there anything you would like to know?(Yes,I’d like to know about the working hours./what benifits there are for employees in your company?)(4)If we employ you,what starting salary would you expect?Useful words:social practice,part-time jobs,summer jobs,vacation jobs,extracurricular activities,recreational activitiessocial activities,scholarship,“Three Goods”student,excellent League member,vice-monitor,commissary in charge of studies,commissary in charge of sports,Party branch secretary,Student Union/council/association,department of publicity.
3.聽力活動
Unit 5B The movie industry
討論
1.One student describe the picture,another student should be able to guess which job is being described.(camera person,makeup artist,film editor,stuntperson,animal trainer,grip)2.Who is your favourite film editor?And his typical film?3.Who is your favourite actor/actress?And his/her typical film?Useful words:film industry,cinematograph,cinema pictures,first-runcinema,second-runcinema,continuous performance cinema,film societ,premiere, film festival, distributor, shooting schedule, release,banned film,A-certificate,U-certificate,X-certificate,direction,production,adaptation,scenario,screenplay,script,scene,exterior,lighting,shooting,shoot,special effects,slow motion,editing,cutting, montage, recording, soundrecording,sound effects,mix,mixing,dubbing,post synchronization,studio,(motion)film studio, set, stage, floor, properties, props, dolly,spotlight,clapper boards scenery, filming shooting, shooting angle, high angle shot,long shot,full shot,close-up,closeshot,medium shot,frame,picture,stil, l double exposure,superimposition, exposure meter,printing.
在口語教學中,要克服學生對英語開口說的恐懼。這種恐懼心理常導致學生在口語表達時顯得焦慮和緊張,影響他們正常的思維和順利的表達。造成這種心理的原因就是學生平時缺乏足夠的口語練習機會。為了確??谡Z訓練的順利進行,教師必須安排足夠的時間讓學生進行語言交際實踐,讓學生在語言活動中逐漸獲得運用語言的能力。除了課堂教學之外,學校應組織英語角,給學生業余時間提供練習口語的場所,讓他們更大膽地用英語與人交流。犯錯誤是語言學習過程中必然的現象。杜雷(Duly)說:“不犯錯誤是學不會語言的?!痹趯W生自由表達思想時,教師過多糾錯不但會打斷學生的思路,破壞其語流,還會使學生因害怕出錯而不敢開口。教師的主要任務是幫助、鼓勵學生開展各種口語活動以達到學生口語練習的最大實踐量。語言學家凱巴(Kiparsky)曾強調說:“全局性的錯誤,即對交際造成很大干擾的錯誤,應予以重視。而局部的錯誤,隨著語言學習的發展,自然會逐步解決?!蓖瑫r要多創造真實語境,讓學生開口,避免中式英語的使用。
同步測試是檢查學生口語水平的好方法。因此,堅持在日常教學、期中和期末進行英語口語測試、評價也是必不可少的。在進行口語測試時可以采取機考的形式,將題目存入電腦,學生對機答題。題目類型一般有朗讀短文,約半分鐘;問答題,給出一個英語話題,用1分半鐘回答;看圖說話,既檢測學生的口頭表達能力還檢測他們的想象力和組織能力。評分標準按照語音語調、流暢度、形態、交際能力等,反映學生的綜合英語表達能力。
總之,在大學英語改革過程中,口語教學工作要從21世紀的國際全球化趨勢出發,從學生的實際情況出發,在今后的教學過程中給學生創造更多的說的機會,從而提高語言的運用水平。
參考文獻:
?。?]Leo Jones,大學英語基礎口語教程.學生用書2[M].上海:上海外語教育出版社,2005.6.
?。?]學外語三大誤區:羞怯、瞎背、瞎說.中國教育網.外語教育學習技巧,2007.06.29.
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